Allergy testing still causes a great interpretation challenge, especially in respect to younger children (under the age of 3). A basis is a thoroughly taken clinical history, which is supplemented with additional diagnostic tests. Positive or negative outcomes of these investigations do not allow automatically confirm (or exclude) the diagnosis. Allergy diagnosis in toddlers remains challenging, since there is a limited number of tests available in this age (IgE concentration, skin prick and patch tests, challenge with food). On the other hand, clinical manifestation of allergic disease in these patients is also limited. As a rule, younger children (<3rd year) present with food allergy in the form of atopic dermatitis or allergic colitis, whereas majority of older children suffer from allergic disease of respiratory tract. Diagnosis becomes easier in children above 7th year of life, because functional tests become feasible.

Recent immunological findings have significantly improved allergy testing (recombined allergens, markers of inflammatory reaction, basophile activation markers) and numerous tests are available nowadays. Nevertheless, it must be emphasized, that each result should be interpreted exclusively in respect to particular sick child and that it should be done by a specialist in allergy and/or clinical immunology.